There are 6 main components to a
Turbochrger System.

Turbine / Compressor / Exhaust Manifold
Waste Gate / Intercooler / Blow - Off Valve

There are other Components that help Maintain and Optimize
a Turbocharger system however this you see here are the essential main components.

Street Tuners will elaborate and grow on this topic in the near future.
Stay Tuned !